As the concept of the Internet of Everything is put forward, the Internet of Things is more and more known to the public, and there are more and more terms related to it.
zigbee #
ZigBee is a low-power LAN protocol based on the IEEE802.15.4 standard. According to international standards, ZigBee technology is a short-range, low-power wireless communication technology. The name (also known as the Purple Bee Protocol) comes from the bee’s figure-of-eight dance, because the bee (bee) communicates with its companions the location information of the pollen by the “dance” of flying and “zig” flapping its wings. That is to say, bees rely on this way to form a communication network in the colony. It is characterized by close proximity, low complexity, self-organization, low power consumption, and low data rate. Mainly suitable for automatic control and remote control field, can be embedded in various equipment. In short, ZigBee is a cheap, low-power short-range wireless networking communication technology. ZigBee is a low-speed short-distance wireless network protocol. ZigBee protocol from bottom to top is physical layer (PHY), media access control layer (MAC), transport layer (TL), network layer (NWK), application layer (APL) and so on
Bluetooth #
For the Internet of Things, there are two main forms of Bluetooth wireless communication protocol. One is standard Bluetooth technology, which is widely used in a variety of smart home devices from connected refrigerators to shower heads to door locks; Larger networks of connected devices with power constraints are more attractive because battery life is no longer a limiting factor. Both forms were upgraded in the December 2016 version of Bluetooth 5.0, which expanded the transmission range of Bluetooth devices and improved the data throughput of Bluetooth devices.
RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) #
Radio frequency identification, or radio frequency identification technology, is a kind of automatic identification technology. It conducts non-contact two-way data communication through radio frequency, and uses radio frequency to read and write recording media (electronic tags or radio frequency cards), so as to achieve identification goals and The purpose of data exchange, which is considered to be one of the information technologies with development potential in the 21st century.
Radio frequency identification technology does not contact fast information exchange and storage technology through radio waves, combines data access technology through wireless communication, and then connects to the database system to achieve non-contact two-way communication, thus achieving the purpose of identification, for data exchange, A very complex system is connected in series. In the identification system, the reading, writing and communication of electronic tags are realized through electromagnetic waves. According to the communication distance, it can be divided into near field and far field. For this reason, the data exchange method between the read/write device and the electronic tag is correspondingly divided into load modulation and backscatter modulation.
NFC (Near Field Communication) #
NFC is an emerging technology. Devices using NFC technology (such as mobile phones) can exchange data when they are close to each other. It is evolved from the integration of contactless radio frequency identification (RFID) and interconnection technology. By integrating the functions of inductive card reader, inductive card and point-to-point communication on a single chip, applications such as mobile payment, electronic ticketing, access control, mobile identification, and anti-counterfeiting can be realized using mobile terminals.
6LoWPAN (IPv6 over low-power personal area networks) #
6LoWPAN is a low-speed wireless personal area network standard that implements IPv6 communication based on IEEE 802.15.4. The advantage of 6LoWPAN is its low power support, which can be applied to almost all devices, including handheld devices and communication devices; it has built-in AES-128 encryption standard, which supports enhanced authentication and security mechanisms.
LoRA (Long Range Radio) #
The name of LoRa is Long Range Radio, which is a modulation technique of chirp spread spectrum. LoRa is a physical layer or wireless modulation that creates long-distance communication connections. Compared with traditional FSK technology and short-distance radio frequency technology with insufficient stability and security, LoRa is based on CSS modulation technology (Chirp Spread Spectrum) in maintaining low power consumption. At the same time, the communication range is greatly increased, and CSS technology has been widely used in space communication for decades, and has the characteristics of long transmission distance and strong anti-interference.
In addition, LoRa technology does not require the construction of base stations, one gateway can control more devices, and the network deployment method is more flexible, which can greatly reduce the construction cost.
SMS (Short Message Service) #
SMS is a store and forward service. That is to say, short messages are not sent directly from sender to receiver, but are always forwarded through the short message service center. If the recipient is not connected (perhaps the phone is turned off), the message will be sent when the recipient connects again.
IPv6 (Internet Protocol Version 6) #
IPv6 is the next generation IP protocol designed by the IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) to replace the IP protocol (IPv4). The use of IPv6 not only solves the problem of the number of network address resources, but also solves the problem of multiple access devices accessing the Internet.
