Sensor to measure water
What sensor to measure water ? Water detection is inseparable from related sensors, such as water pressure sensor, water quality sensor, water flow sensor, water temperature sensor, water density sensor, etc.
Table of Contents
Backgroud: sensor to measure water
Water is one of the most common substances on earth, covering about 71% of the earth’s surface. It is an important resource for the survival of all life including inorganic compounds and human beings, and it is also the most important part of living organisms. Therefore, how to manage and monitor water becomes especially important. Water detection is inseparable from related sensors, such as water pressure sensor, water quality sensor, water flow sensor, water temperature sensor, water density sensor, etc.
Water Pressure Sensor
Water pressure sensor is a kind of pressure sensor commonly used in industrial practice. It is widely used in various industrial dynamic environment, water conservancy and hydropower engineering, transportation construction equipment, production control system, aerospace technology, ship technology, pipeline and so on.
A water pressure sensor is a device that can sense the measured information and transform the detected information into electrical signals or other forms of information output according to certain rules, to satisfy the information transmission, processing, storage, display, record and control requirements. It is the first step to realize automatic detection and control.
The core of the water pressure sensor is usually made of diffused silicon, the working principle is that the pressure of water pressure is directly applied to the diaphragm of the sensor, so that the diaphragm produces the micro-displacement proportional to the water pressure. The electrical resistance of the sensor changes, and the electronic circuit is used to detect the change, and the output of a standard measurement signal corresponding to the pressure is converted.
Water online densitometer
In the process of water extraction, all liquids need to be tested for density or concentration, which requires an online density meter. SenTec Intelligent online density meter (also called online density transmitter) is a device for continuous online measurement of the concentration and density of liquids, which can be directly used in industrial production processes. Commonly used industrial online liquid density meters include static pressure density meter, vibration type density meter and laser density meter. According to installation, it can divided into tank densitometer and pipeline densitometer.
Advantages of online liquid water densitometer:
*The use of industrial-grade high-performance micro-controller integrated circuit, high accuracy, good stability, strong anti-jamming ability.
*Power supply using isolation circuit design, wide-format precision power supply, impact resistance, anti-jamming.
*”Plug and use, maintenance-free” measurements for monitoring and controlling continuous measurements
*Sensor signal with photoelectric compartment design with 4-20 mA output, connectivity PLC control system
*Long rod type is suitable for use in open and sealed tanks and cans up to 2m in length
*Explosion-proof certification
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Digital Water Flow Meter
Most popular digital water flowmeters: rotameter flowmeters, turbine water flowmeters, electromagnetic water flowmeters, and vortex flowmeters for water volume measurement, positive displacement flowmeters, differential pressure flowmeters, Coriolis water mass flowmeter and ultrasonic water flowmeter, the following is a description of the principle, features, application overview for different digital water flow meter types.
1). Turbine flowmeter for water measurement
Turbine flowmeter is a kind of velocity flowmeter. Turbine flow transmitter uses a multi-blade rotor (turbine) to sense the average water flow rate, then deriving the water flow rate or water total. Generally, it consists of a flow sensor and an integral display instrument to show water detecting information and turbine water meter parameter setting.
2). Vortex flowmeter for water measurement
Vortex flowmeter is an instrument that places a bluff vortex generator in the water, and the fluid is alternately separated on both sides of the generator to release two series of regularly staggered vortices.
Vortex flowmeter can be divided into: stress type, strain type, capacitive type, thermal type, vibrating body type, photoelectric type and ultrasonic type according to the frequency detection method.
3).Electromagnetic flowmeter for water flow measurement
Electromagnetic flowmeter is a kind of instrument for measuring conductive water made according to Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction. Electromagnetic flowmeter has a series of excellent features, which can solve the problems that other flowmeters are not easy to apply, such as the measurement of dirty water flow and corrosive water flow;
4).Variable area flow meter for water flow measurement
Variable area flow meter, also known as Float flowmeter, rotameter, it is a widely used cheap water flow meter. In a vertical conical tube that expands from bottom to top, the gravity of the float with a circular cross section is borne by the hydrodynamic force, so the float can rise and fall freely in the cone tube with water flow range change.
Float flowmeter is the most widely used classic Float flow meters can be glass tube , plastic tube or metal tube variable area flow meter.
The glass tube rotameter has a simple structure and is easy to use, it is a kind of very cheap rotameter to show water flow rate, cheap inline water flow meter.
5).Differential pressure flowmeter for water measurement
Differential pressure flowmeter is an instrument that calculates the flow rate according to the differential pressure generated by the flow detection element installed in the pipeline, the known fluid conditions and the geometric dimensions of the detection element and the pipeline.
Differential pressure flowmeter consists of a primary device (detection piece) and a secondary device (differential pressure transmitter and flow computer). Differential pressure flowmeters are usually classified in the form of detection pieces, such as orifice flowmeters, Venturi flowmeters , V-cone flow meters.,etc
DP flow meters for water measurement has long history, it has stable performance and reliable measurement result.
It can be used for high pressure water flow measurement or high temperature water flow measurement , inline digital water flow meter.
6).Coriolis Mass water Flow Meter
Coriolis mass flowmeter (CMF) is a direct water mass flow meter made by using the principle of Coriolis force proportional to the mass flow when the fluid flows in the vibrating tube.
Coriolis water flow meter price is not cheap and normally not very economical solution for water measurement; it is very high accuracy water mass flow meter, the accuracy can be 0.1%.
Coriolis flow meter is stainless steel water flow meter, we have 6mm, DN10, 1/2 inch, 1 inch , 2inch Coriolis water flow meters;
Digital water mass flow meter can also show water density on the flow meter electronic display;
Can measure different kinds of water, drilling mud, slurry pulp, sludge.,etc., inline digital water mass flow meter.
7).Positive Displacement water Flowmeter
Positive displacement flowmeter, referred to as PD flowmeter, is the most accurate type of flowmeter. It uses mechanical measuring elements to continuously divide the fluid into a single known volume part. According to the measurement the total fluids volume is measured by the number of times the chamber repeatedly fills and discharges a portion of that volume of fluid. Household water meters are PD flow meters, but in industry water flow measurement, SenTec developed a kind of micro PD flow meter for low flow water measurement. The water low flow can detect as low as 1 cc/min flow still with 0.5% high accuracy.
Water level sensor/transmitter
Water level transmitter is a kind of transmitter commonly used in the automation of water industry. It is widely used in the measurement and control of water level in industrial water treatment engineering, water level of buildings, environmental protection, water conservancy, power plant, urban water supply and drainage, hydrological exploration and other fields. It is easy to install and use.
The working principle of water level transmitter is that the pressure is directly applied to the diaphragm of the sensor, so that the diaphragm produces the micro-displacement proportional to the pressure of the medium, making the change of the sensor’s resistance and detecting the change with an electronic circuit, and convert a standard signal that corresponds to that pressure.
The water level transmitter is made from an advanced isolated diffused silicon sensitive element. The height of the end to the surface of the water level meter can be accurately measured by direct input into the container or water body. The water level is output by 4-20 mA current or RS485 signals.
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Water Temperature Sensor
The temperature sensor is composed of the thermostat part and the water level control part, and it is equipped with the decompression device in front of the electric valve and the rotary anechoic heater for heating.
The water level sensor in the container sends the water level signals to the controller. The computer in the controller compares the measured water level signal with the set signal to get the deviation. Then, according to the nature of the deviation, the instruction of “opening” and “closing” to the water supply valve is issued to ensure that the container reaches the set water level. When the influent program is completed, the temperature controls part of the computer to send out the “open” instruction to the electric valve, so the system starts to heat the water in the container. When the temperature is set, the controller sends out the command of the shut-off valve, cut off the heat source, and the system enters the state of heat preservation. In the process of programming, we should ensure that the electric control valve that controls the heat source does not open the valve without reaching the safe water level, thereby avoiding the loss of heat and the occurrence of accidents.
The thermistor type water thermometer consists of a thermistor water temperature sensor and a double metal sheet. The thermistor is the transmitter of the water temperature information, the electric heating wire of the double metal sheet is the receiving part, and the two are connected in series. The transmitter, the water temperature sensor, are installed in the channel and are in contact with the cooling water. When the water temperature is low, the thermistor value is high, the current in the loop is small, the heating quantity of the resistance wire is small, the bimetal sheet is slightly bent, and the indicating pin is in the low temperature area. When the water temperature is high, the value of the thermistor is small. Through the large current of the loop, the heating capacity of the resistance wire is large, the bimetallic sheet has large bending deformation, and the indicating needle points to the high temperature area.
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