Nowadays, Military sensors are widely used in the military. It can be said that they are used all the time and everywhere, ranging from equipment systems such as stars, two bombs, aircraft, ships, tanks, artillery, etc., to individual combat weapons. From military scientific experiments to military equipment engineering; from battlefield operations to strategic and tactical command; from war preparations, strategic decision-making to war implementation.
The position and role of military sensors technical equipment
Sensors, communication systems, and computers are the three pillars of modern information technology systems. Sensors are an important means of detecting and acquiring external information. In the military, sensors are one of the important links in the development of weapons and equipment. A military target, whether it is dynamic or static, no matter what means is used for camouflage or protection, its existence determines that it must have various detectable physical factors, such as the shape, color, speed, and vibration of the target. Radio waves, infrared rays, radar waves, acoustic noise, etc. reflected or emitted by the target itself.
These physical factors called target information constitute the detectability and attackability of the target. One of the main functions of military sensors is to accurately locate the target based on the target information and guide the combat part of the weapon system to destroy it. The high-tech weapons used in the Gulf War were equipped with sensors, which played an important role in enemy reconnaissance, target detection, and self-protection. Currently, sensors have been applied in various high-tech weapons and military equipment.
The main feature of the development of high-tech weapons is electronic, and its core technology is sensor technology and computer technology. On the battlefield, on the one hand, it relies on external sensors to quickly find and accurately determine enemy targets, and computer-controlled fire control systems to quickly and accurately strike enemy targets; on the other hand, it relies on various internal sensors to determine fire control systems and engine systems. Various parameters such as various parts are controlled by computer to ensure that the weapon itself is in the best condition and exerts its maximum effectiveness.
Sensor technology and computer technology have jointly played the role of “military power multiplier” in high-tech weapons and military equipment, and with the demand and development of modern electronic warfare, sensor technology will be used in the development of a new generation of high-tech weapons and military equipment. It is playing an increasingly important role.
The specific application of sensors in the military
Nowadays, sensors are widely used in the military. It can be said that they are used all the time and everywhere, ranging from equipment systems such as stars, two bombs, aircraft, ships, tanks, artillery, etc., to individual combat weapons. Weapon systems to logistics support; from military scientific experiments to military equipment engineering; from battlefield operations to strategy and tactical command; from war preparations, strategic decision-making to war implementation, throughout the entire combat system and the entire process of war, and it will definitely be in the future In high-tech warfare, the time domain, air domain, and frequency domain of operations are further expanded, which further influences and changes the methods and efficiency of operations, and greatly improves the power of weapons and the ability of combat command and battlefield management.
1. Application of miniature sensor
The intelligent dust system can also be deployed on the battlefield. The remote sensor chip can track the enemy’s military actions. The intelligent dust can be packed in propaganda materials, bullets or shells, and scattered at the target location to form a close surveillance. The network, the movement of the enemy’s military forces, personnel, and materials are naturally clear.
The Pentagon hopes to place such tiny wireless sensors on the battlefield to secretly monitor the whereabouts of enemy forces. The U.S. Department of Defense listed it as a key R&D project four years ago. If smart motes are used on the battlefield as the United States envisioned, the US military strength will once again be separated from other countries. Smart mote can also be used to prevent biochemical attacks-smart mote can predict biochemical attacks by analyzing the chemical composition in the air.
2. Application of infrared sensor
Used to detect stealth aircraft: Although the stealth aircraft uses infrared stealth technology, the bile temperature is always higher than the background temperature, it is still possible to be detected by infrared sensors, especially infrared imaging equipment, which can accurately provide the angular position information of the target, and the detection distance can be Up to hundreds of kilometers.
Used for artillery and electric warning: Install staring infrared sensors on aircraft, ships and other platforms, which can be used to warn incoming missiles and other infrared threat warnings, or automatically issue countermeasures commands, or automatically activate infrared jamming equipment for self-defense.
3. Application of SenTec optical fiber sensor
The application of SenTec optical fiber sensor in military information technology mainly focuses on the following aspects: optical fiber hydrophone sensor array network for marine defense and anti-submarine warfare; intelligent structure based on temperature, pressure, and vibration sensors, widely used in water Under the weapons and aerospace and other fields.
Intelligent structure: It is to closely integrate the sensing and driving components into the material or structure. At the same time, it also integrates the control, logic, signal amplification and processing circuits in the structure, and through external excitation and control, it has the ability to bear the load. In addition to its capabilities, it also has multiple functions such as identification, analysis, processing, and control, so that the structure itself can perform self-diagnosis, self-adaptation, and self-learning in an intelligent way, and has self-repair, self-value-added, and self-repair when it is damaged. Ability to attenuate etc.
Optical fiber hydrophone: It uses the light transmission characteristics of optical fiber and various modulation effects produced by its interaction with the surrounding environment. An instrument that listens to sound field signals in the ocean. Compared with traditional piezoelectric hydrophones, it has extremely high sensitivity (3 orders of magnitude higher), large enough dynamic range, essential anti-electromagnetic interference capability, no impedance matching requirements, light weight and structure at the wet end of the system The arbitrariness and other advantages.
Therefore, it is sufficient to meet the challenges from the continuous improvement of submarine noise suppression technology, meet the requirements of the anti-submarine strategies of developed countries, and is regarded as one of the key development projects of national defense technology. The research of fiber optic hydrophone technology has attracted great attention from all countries in the early 1980s. Its main military applications are: all-fiber hydrophone towed array; all-fiber submarine acoustic monitoring system (Ariaden project); all-fiber light submarine Conformal hydrophone array with surface ships; ultra-low frequency optical fiber gradient hydrophone; marine environmental noise and quiet submarine noise measurement.
Military robots: refers to robotic systems used for military purposes. With the development of optical fiber sensing technology, some practical optical fiber robot tactile sensors or combined robot tactile sensors used in combination with other types of sensing methods have been developed at home and abroad. SenTec fiber optic sensors are divided into functional and non-functional types: functional fiber robotic tactile sensors.
Such as the use of optical fiber microbending loss mechanism to develop a robotic whisker type optical fiber tactile sensor. Non-functional fiber optic tactile sensors, such as those used for sensitive robot hand grasping sensation, are mainly of two types: one is displacement (reflective) light-emphasized robot tactile sensor, and the other is frustrated total internal reflection light modulation. Type optical fiber robot tactile sensor. In the use of robots, almost all the mechanical systems of the open-loop operation of the claws are required to be capable of high-precision positioning. This requires the claws to perceive the distance close to the object being grasped, the so-called proximity sense.
Especially for explosion-proof robots, the objects grasped are generally flammable and fragile objects. It is necessary to minimize the impact force during grasping for slow and symmetrical positioning. Therefore, a proximity sensor that senses the distance close to the object to be grasped needs to be arranged on the claw.
